Dr. Raum studied law and economics at the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, and passed his second state exam in 1982. He began his judicial career as a prosecutor in Bavaria and later became a judge at the Nuremberg-Fürth Regional Court. In 1988, he earned his doctorate and worked at the Federal Court of Justice (BGH) and the Saxon Ministry of Justice.

Appointed to the Saxon judiciary in 1993, Raum became a judge at the Dresden Higher Regional Court, eventually leading a civil senate. In 1999, he was appointed to the Federal Court of Justice, where he served in the 5th Criminal Senate, later becoming its deputy chair. In 2013, he was promoted to preside over the 1st Criminal Senate and was also active in competition and tax law. Raum retired in 2022 and has been an Of Counsel at GCIX since 2025.